Had meetings almost all day. Still managed to add more functionality to processing and do some more experiments. More will follow tomorrow.

What makes you an engineer? Not the degree. Not the experience. And especially not the ability to fix things.

What makes you an engineer is exercising and understanding the concept of healthy technical laziness.
Healthy technical laziness is not general laziness. This does not describe one’s productivity and work ethics at all.
If an individual thinks about how to reduce the number of manual interventions in a process, the individual exercises healthy technical laziness. This is done for the sake of allowing more time for doing something useful.
Want an example? Remember that video when someone wrote a shell script to rock a cradle? The baby seemed to like it!
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYcF_xX2DE8)

This is, in essence, healthy technical laziness.

With a little bit more thinking, using adaptive design, it is possible to automatise a number of tasks. What computers do best (apart from heating the room, thereby pleasing cats) is number crunching. In fact, this is the only thing they can do. We correspond numbers to luminance, colour, amplitude, keystrokes…

So, I figured I would rather spend some time on how to process the results adaptively instead of doing it myself one by one. Well, not entirely: okay, the pilot data was processed on a spreadsheet, but that was just to get a vague concept. Results were wrong, conclusions were wrong and I was utterly disgusted with this method after wasting hours of work, futile. That was my little impulse that pushed me along that way.

Today, I could acquire and process more results in just a few hours than I could do through the entire last week. And it seems to be correct. Or we haven’t found a fault in it yet.

What I am doing now is quite interesting. I managed to get some results in the past weeks, and now I made a test to either go against or verify what we found. This is quite important.
Observations of the day:
-My eyesight is a lot more imprecise than others.
-Chocolate is not always sufficient for recruitment
-It is possible or me to get home at reasonable times

And of course I modified the posh processing and presentation script for the new experiment, so if I feel like adding half a million result files, it will still work.

Later on tonight I should be able to add photos for the oscilloscope tutorial, which will illustrate it very nicely.

A picture is worth a thousand words. Allegedly.

I just kept on with my work today. Also realised that the phrase ‘I’ll honestly not take much of your time’ equals 2.5 hours. Poor Lisa tried to find me for the third day unsuccessfully.
Stuart gave me an comms manual for the photometer, but it behaves nothing like it…
Oh, and I also learned that adding SAMBA printers in CUPS is a pain.

This is some ramble about how to get the most out of your oscilloscope without going too much into details. I will talk about analogue oscilloscopes mostly, as digital scopes are more straightforward but sometimes can be very problematic, just like driving an automatic car on icy road. I had a few of analogue oscilloscopes, like the OML-2M from the Soviet Union, and the RFT EO-213 from GDR, which I still have. Extremely reliable kits.

First of all, let’s be clear on what is an oscilloscope and what it does:
The oscilloscope (or just simply ‘scope) is a device that can show the voltage of an electrical signal/signals with respect to time. The scope has a cathode ray tube with a horizontal trace, which is called the timebase. The scanning speed of the trace is controlled by the ‘Time per division’ knob, which may be annotated as ‘ms/T’ or ‘Time/div’ or simply ‘Horizontal’. Voltage is measured by the vertical deflection with respect to the divisions of the screen. It is adjusted by the ‘V/T’ or ‘Volts/div’ or ‘Vertical’.

In order to make anything visible on the screen, the timing of the start of the timebase has to be perfectly aligned with the signal. This alignment is controlled via the triggering circuit: Yes, the timebase is started at each time how the ref pulls the trigger of a pistol on each start of a sprint race, hence the name.
How the triggering should be done? On old scopes, it can be done with either on rising or falling edge detection. There should be a switch for that. The exact voltage value where the triggering starts is set with the ‘Trigger’ knob. When the trigger level is outside the trace, the screen will run and not much is to be seen. Just adjust the trigger knob, and it should stabilise.

So, step-by-step:

Before connecting to the signal

-Adjust the ‘Time/div’ knob to the right value (say 1 kHz signal -> 0.5 ms/div)
-Adjust the ‘Volts/div’ knob to an approximate value (say 200 mV peak voltage -> 50 mV/div)

After connecting to the signal

-Set the ‘Trigger’ switch to rising edge
-Adjust the ‘Trigger’ knob until trace stabilises

Of course, on digital scopes you can just press ‘Auto Setup’ (or what I call the ‘Oh my god I am terribly lazy’) button, and the scope will adjust these things for you. Or not.

If it fails to set, setting it up boils down to the good old analogue method.
For the sake of simplicity, I have attached a few pictures where I annotated each sections with my graphics tablet. You can read the settings on the screen of a digital scope.

-Red: Time per division
-Blue: Volts per division
-Green: Trigger

The OML-2M was a low-end, single channel scope, with a modest amount of controls for triggering.

(Source)
The RFT EO 213 supports TV vertical sync pulse detection as well as analogue calculation of the two channels. Edge selection is done with the +/- button in the green area.

(Source)

Going West (well, East actually), the same category of analogue oscilloscope is not that different. A little bit more options, fancier design: you can select between TV lines, change the triggering source channel. You have to pull the trigger knob  to change to falling edge. This Hitachi V-302B oscilloscope was donated to the ANARC radioclub:

(This is a picture I made, but you can use it freely…)

And when you are getting into up-to-date equipment, you will get into the wonderful world of digital scopes. The high-end ones run Windows, so triggering is just a problem of selecting from the menu. However, this HAMEG HM507 scope is interesting. It tries to merge the best of both worlds, allowing ‘analogue-like’ behaviour with the advantage of storing samples and time-related operations (such as averaging, persistence, etc.). Anyway, from this point the challenge moves from finding what knob is where on a current model to reading and understanding the contents of the screen. Which one is more difficult? Well, it depends 🙂

(Source)

If you’d like to have your scope added, let me know!

Having worked yesterday for so long, it’s quite frustrating to realise you are very close but you can’t finish because of time. Quality is more important than quantity though.

I got my processing script finished. I only checked it twice, but it seems that it works: Loads all data, processes all data, and displays a bunch of nicely refined graphs telling me what the crack is.

The design is adaptive, so I can vary the number of data points, the amount of files to be loaded, and I have access to interim stages in processing. So, if I made a mistake somewhere, I will have at least a hunch on where things might went wrong. Modularity above all. I think I will use this script pretty often in the future, so I better document it in many places. Okay, I know I usually over-comment code anyway, but finding out what my code does years later is more annoying.

I had so many volunteers for my experiment that I ran out of chocolate. Need to obtain more chocolate.

I got more data. Loads more. thankfully, they all seem to make sense, and I can see the difference from person to person and can tell how precise/careless the person was.

Now, it comes to processing. I got some emails from Jenny regarding processing and stats. Most of the stuff in it is interesting, and was largely corresponding to my ideas of processing. I spent most of tonight in the lab, and was busy processing data.

I am making an almost-fully-automatic data loader, sorter and visualiser. It now loads all files from a directory, does the mandatories (Mean, SD, etc.) and does some plots. I am working from low-level data files, as I find them the most reliable and independent. Just need to do a little bit more number crunching. I am using my parameter array as a look-up table, so it seems that everything is flexible. Good times.

Some more results were acquired today. It turned out that the full test can be done in only 45 minutes, comfortably. Since the problems in the experimental design have been eliminated, I think I now get the unbiased, unskewed , ‘unweird’ results. This is good, because it will give me some space from those imaginary (very real) hostile reviewers. And I have fixed datapoints, parametric zones, nicely organised into a giant table. Can tell which of the 16 types of tests were done to get particular results just by looking at the raw data.

I am saving everything twice per task, so I will still have some usable data if there is a blackout or matlab decides to crash. I have my own file format, I have my own escape characters and result processing method.

Tomorrow, I will persuade more people to do tests and make a script to generate some nice graphs… unless if something happens.

The primate add-on practical was very interesting. Learned a lot about monkeys. I spent most of today rewriting my matlab code so it will comply to the new specification. It works. The measurement artefact I have been having is gone. I now have other problems, but I can handle them. 36 Hz on full brightness is not nice, and I don’t think it can be ignored as not flickering.

I did a set of measurements on myself, collecting 160 datapoints was about 45 minutes. I would say, it will be about 60-80 minutes for someone who is not confident handling the rig. Not bad.

However, I had a blunder saving data and had to do it again.